In 2023, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted a revised strategy aimed at reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ships. The primary objectives focus on improving energy efficiency and transitioning toward zero or near-zero emission technologies to mitigate the carbon intensity of international shipping. A key element of the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy is the ambition to significantly reduce carbon intensity by enhancing the energy efficiency of new ships and existing vessels. This involves strengthening energy efficiency design requirements for ships and implementing measures to optimize ship operations.
One of the major goals outlined in the strategy is to reduce CO2 emissions per transport work by at least 40% by 2030, compared to the 2008 baseline. This reduction will serve as a benchmark for the industry, encouraging a widespread shift to cleaner and more sustainable practices in maritime transport. Moreover, the strategy promotes the uptake of zero or near-zero GHG emission technologies, fuels, and energy sources, aiming for these alternatives to represent at least 5% (striving for 10%) of the energy used by international shipping by 2030.
Additionally, the strategy sets the long-term objective of peaking GHG emissions from international shipping as soon as possible and achieving net-zero emissions by around 2050. This aligns with the global temperature goals established in the Paris Agreement, emphasizing the need for a concerted effort among maritime stakeholders to phase out GHG emissions while considering different national circumstances.
To facilitate this transition, cooperation between ports and shipping sectors is crucial. In 2019, IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) adopted a resolution encouraging Member States to support voluntary collaboration between these sectors to reduce emissions. This includes providing onshore power supply from renewable sources, enabling safe bunkering of low-carbon and zero-carbon fuels, and promoting sustainable shipping practices through economic incentives.
The role of biofuels has also been considered as a viable option in the interim. Biofuels, especially those with drop-in capabilities, can be used by the existing fleet without major modifications. However, it is essential that these biofuels are sustainably produced from renewable feedstocks. MEPC 80 approved interim guidelines on the use of biofuels under MARPOL Annex VI, further paving the way for their potential adoption.
Looking ahead, the global introduction of alternative fuels such as electric and hybrid power, hydrogen, and other innovative energy sources will be critical in achieving the IMO’s GHG reduction ambitions. Additionally, improving operational efficiency, including the optimization of port calls and just-in-time arrival of ships, offers opportunities to reduce unnecessary emissions during waiting times.
In summary, the IMO's 2023 GHG Strategy sets out clear ambitions and targets for the decarbonization of international shipping, focusing on technological innovation, enhanced efficiency, and a shift toward sustainable energy sources. These efforts are essential for aligning the maritime industry with global climate objectives and ensuring long-term sustainability in international shipping practices.
(Source: IMO. "2023 IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships." IMO, 2023.)
One of the major goals outlined in the strategy is to reduce CO2 emissions per transport work by at least 40% by 2030, compared to the 2008 baseline. This reduction will serve as a benchmark for the industry, encouraging a widespread shift to cleaner and more sustainable practices in maritime transport. Moreover, the strategy promotes the uptake of zero or near-zero GHG emission technologies, fuels, and energy sources, aiming for these alternatives to represent at least 5% (striving for 10%) of the energy used by international shipping by 2030.
Additionally, the strategy sets the long-term objective of peaking GHG emissions from international shipping as soon as possible and achieving net-zero emissions by around 2050. This aligns with the global temperature goals established in the Paris Agreement, emphasizing the need for a concerted effort among maritime stakeholders to phase out GHG emissions while considering different national circumstances.
To facilitate this transition, cooperation between ports and shipping sectors is crucial. In 2019, IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) adopted a resolution encouraging Member States to support voluntary collaboration between these sectors to reduce emissions. This includes providing onshore power supply from renewable sources, enabling safe bunkering of low-carbon and zero-carbon fuels, and promoting sustainable shipping practices through economic incentives.
The role of biofuels has also been considered as a viable option in the interim. Biofuels, especially those with drop-in capabilities, can be used by the existing fleet without major modifications. However, it is essential that these biofuels are sustainably produced from renewable feedstocks. MEPC 80 approved interim guidelines on the use of biofuels under MARPOL Annex VI, further paving the way for their potential adoption.
Looking ahead, the global introduction of alternative fuels such as electric and hybrid power, hydrogen, and other innovative energy sources will be critical in achieving the IMO’s GHG reduction ambitions. Additionally, improving operational efficiency, including the optimization of port calls and just-in-time arrival of ships, offers opportunities to reduce unnecessary emissions during waiting times.
In summary, the IMO's 2023 GHG Strategy sets out clear ambitions and targets for the decarbonization of international shipping, focusing on technological innovation, enhanced efficiency, and a shift toward sustainable energy sources. These efforts are essential for aligning the maritime industry with global climate objectives and ensuring long-term sustainability in international shipping practices.
(Source: IMO. "2023 IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships." IMO, 2023.)
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